First record of Procyrnea sp. (Nematoda: Habronematidae) in Buteogallus schistaceus (Sundevall) (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) in Brazilian Amazon.

Buteogallus schistaceus (Sundevall) is an endemic bird of prey from the Amazon region, with a declining population according to international conservation agencies. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of a parasitic nematodes in an individual treated at the Ambulatório de Animais Silvestres of Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém campus. The animal was captured on campus and showed no resistance to capture. Fluid therapy and deworming were made, later the bird regurgited ten nematodes identified as belonging to the genus Procyrnea Chabaud (1958). Reviewing the scientific literature, it was found that so far there are no records on the helminth fauna of this bird species, which is therefore the first report of a nematode in B. schistaceus.

Age-Dependent Effect of Foal Heat Breeding on Pregnancy and Embryo Mortality Rates in Thoroughbred Mares.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of age and heat cycle to determine reproductive efficiency in young and aged Thoroughbred mares bred on foal heat (FH) or on second heat (SH) after foaling. Embryo mortality (EmbM) was determined every time a mare was found open after a positive pregnancy diagnosis. Parturition to breeding interval, pregnancy rate (PregR) and EmbM rate were the dependent variables and the treatments were breeding on the FH or on SH. The cutoff age to obtain above-average probability for the EmbM was 10 years old. PregR in mares bred on FH was lower compared with SH (P < .01); however, it was neither affected by the age of mares (P > .05) nor by the age group of mares (P > .05). Regarding FH and SH, there was a difference in PregR in young mares (P < .01), unlike in aged mares (P > .05). EmbM rate was not different between mares bred on FH or SH (P > .05) although it was affected by age of mares (P < .01). EmbM was higher in oldest than young mares (P < .01). Aged mares bred on FH had a significantly higher EmbM rate compared with the young group also bred on FH (P < .01). In conclusion, the reproductive efficiency of Thoroughbred mares bred on FH is dependent of the age. Aged mares (≥10 years old) should be bred at their SH to reduce EmbM and improve reproductive performance.

First record of Procyrnea sp. (Nematoda: Habronematidae) in Buteogallus schistaceus (Sundevall) (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) in Brazilian Amazon / Primeiro registro de Procyrnea sp. (Nematoda: Habronematidae) em Buteogallus schistaceus (Sundevall) (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) na Amazônia Brasileira

Abstract Buteogallus schistaceus (Sundevall) is an endemic bird of prey from the Amazon region, with a declining population according to international conservation agencies. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of a parasitic nematodes in an individual treated at the Ambulatório de Animais Silvestres of Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém campus. The animal was captured on campus and showed no resistance to capture. Fluid therapy and deworming were made, later the bird regurgited ten nematodes identified as belonging to the genus Procyrnea Chabaud (1958). Reviewing the scientific literature, it was found that so far there are no records on the helminth fauna of this bird species, which is therefore the first report of a nematode in B. schistaceus.

Resumo Buteogallus schistaceus (Sundevall) é uma ave de rapina endêmica da região amazônica, com população em diminuição, segundo órgãos de conservação internacional. Logo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de nematódeos parasitos em um indivíduo atendido no Ambulatório de Animais Silvestres, da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus Belém. O animal foi capturado nas dependências do campus e não apresentou resistência à captura. Foram então instituídos fluidoterapia e vermifugação, após os quais o animal regurgitou dez nematódeos identificados como pertencentes ao gênero Procyrnea Chabaud (1958). Ao revisar a literatura científica, verificou-se que, até o momento, não existem quaisquer registros sobre a helmintofauna dessa espécie de ave, sendo, portanto, o primeiro relato de um nematódeo em B. schistaceus.

Utilização dos recursos naturais por comunidades humanas do Parque Ecoturístico do Guamá, Belém, Pará / Utilization of natural resources by the human communities of the Guamá Ecotouristic Park, Belém, Pará

O trabalho apresenta dados sobre o uso dos recursos naturais por populações humanas em pequenas comunidades (vilas) localizadas no entorno (n = 6) e no interior (n = 1) do Parque Ecoturístico do Guamá (PEG), visando avaliar os impactos sobre a fauna e flora local, ante a implantação de um projeto de infra-estrutura rodoviária local. A metodologia consistiu da aplicação de dois modelos de questionários. Um direcionado a pessoas-chave, como: moradores mais antigos, presidentes de associações, agentes de saúde, etc, e o outro aplicado aleatoriamente aos adultos locais. Buscou-se atingir pelo menos 50 por cento das famílias das pequenas localidades (<10 famílias) e 10-15 por cento no caso de comunidades maiores ( >11 famílias). Em todos os casos é realizado o extrativismo da fauna e flora, principalmente com o objetivo de subsistência. As espécies mais caçadas foram Agouti paca,Dasyprocta agouti,Nasua nasua, Euphractus sexcintus e Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris. A complementação da renda familiar através do comércio de caça sob encomenda é realizada em todas as comunidades estudadas. Frutíferas como Euterpe oleracea Mart., Musa spp e Theobroma cacao foram encontradas em 100 por cento das comunidades (n=7). Plantas medicinais são rotineiramente cultivadas e empregadas. As espécies madeireiras exploradas são utilizadas com o objetivo de produção de carvão, construção de casas e de meios de transporte, predominando o Inga edulis, Virola surinamensis (Rol.) Warb e Simaruba amara (Aubl.). O trabalho discute os resultados sob o aspecto da implantação do projeto viário, oferecendo recomendações para a minimização dos impactos do mesmo sobre a fauna, a flora e o modo tradicional de vida das comunidades.

This work shows data about the use of natural resources by the human population located in (n=1) and around (n=6) the Guamá Ecotouristic Park (GEP), in order to evaluate the impact on the local fauna and flora in view of the project for constructing a road through the park. The methodology utilized in this community study was the application of two different types of questionnaires. One was directed to key persons such as old residents, presidents of associations, health agents, etc., and the other was randomly applied to local adults. We attempted to approach at least 50 percent of the families in the small villages (< 10 families) and 10-15 percent in the larger communities (> 11 families). In all cases, there was flora and fauna extractivism, especially for subsistence. The most hunted species were the Agouti paca, Dasyprocta agouti, Nasua nasua, Euphractus sexcintus and Hidrochaeris hidrochaeris. All the communities studied complement their family income by hunting wildlife on order. Fruit trees such as Euterpe oleracea Mart., Musa spp and the Theobroma cacao were found in 100 percent of the communities (n=7). Medicinal plants are cultivated and used routinely. Timber species such Inga edulis,Virola surinamensis (Rol.) Warb e Simaruba amara (Aubl.) are used for charcoal production, house building and transportation means. We discuss the results relating to construction of the road, and make recommendations for reducing the impact on the fauna, the flora and the traditional livelihood of the communities.